Summary of Michelle Alexander argument relative to origin of Jim Crow Essay

Summary of Michelle Alexander argument relative to origin of Jim Crow - Essay Example As a result, they were constrained to second grade jobs and opportunities such as being slaves or performing menial jobs for the whites. It follows that the form of segregation postulated and fronted took the holistic approach such that the places where the African-Americans lived was supposed to be of lower cadre or class comparative to the other white neighborhoods. Thus, it goes without saying that the limited employment opportunities of the African-Americans limited their economic empowerment and as a result they lived in poverty. This is so due to the fact that they were set to occupy low paying jobs which implies that their economic power was greatly reduced and as a result they lived poor lives. Accordingly, the current criminal justice dispensation acts as a racial tool to discriminate and control the African-Americans if the empirical evidence and statistics is anything to go by. It is critical to note and mention that the speaker in the New Jim Crow, Michelle Alexander outlines that Blacks get arrested for equal or lesser crimes as their white counterparts. For instance, she mentions that the â€Å"blacks are arrested for non-violent often drug related offence, the vary sorts that occur with roughly equal frequency in the middle class white community or on college campuses.† Equally important is that the kind of treatment that the African-Americans are subjected to in prison is second class.

Potential Strategy Essay Example for Free

Potential Strategy Essay Many obstacles to my potential strategy are worth overcoming. Since the brand new policy is to add extra taxes on smoking and fining the smoking companies for their actions, then one is able to make sure that people comply or go out of business. A way to overcome the challenges is to have someone from each company represented in Congress (Kottke, RN, GH, ML., 1988). This may mean making sure that there is someone in government that is passionate about this issue, and willing to do whatever it takes to make sure that people do comply with the new law. Through this effort, fewer mistakes are made, and people are getting what they need done to make it happen by having someone speak on their behalf. Any gender can do this regardless of background (Kottke, et al., 1988). For example, medical people are more thorough with this matter because they are required to ask the patient of smoking in the past before doing anything with him or her surgically or when an emergency arises. Because of this effort, people will live longer due to extra steps taken on behalf of the patients in the hospitals from each of the medical staff that is present to take care of them at the time (Kottke, et al., 1988).Many of the U.S. citizens will become opposed to the idea of more taxes; however, if the politician or advocate can convince them that it is for the good, then they might become okay with it. This is not going to appear easy at first. He or she will have to speak in major cities and give examples of how this new policy will help everyone in the process. This will make it difficult for everyone else who wants to smoke, which is the goal of the entire matter. Regardless, people are going to have to decide on whether or not to take part in ending smoking for the coun try or if there is some level of motivation for them to stop their horrible habit (Jorenby, et al., 2008). In the end, everyone will learn and see that this is something worthwhile, no matter what he or she has endured through the years (Prochaska, DiClemente, Velicer, Rossi, 1993).By going this route, this is more effective. People are able to understand that tobacco companies that sell smoking products need stopped in every aspect possible. The goal is to one day abolish them in the U.S. In fact, many success stories will arise because of it (Glassma, et al., 1990). For example, a woman may say that  she spent thousands of dollars a year on smoking, but when the taxes went up and the companies selling the products got fined; this motivated her to stop her horrible habit (Glassma, et al., 1990). Commercials could get made to help extrinsically motivate individuals to stop smoking, and through this support groups are made as a means in holding them accountable, besides with family and friends (Prochaska, et al., 1993).The ultimate goal is to get people to stop smoking. This means that they do everything possible to have accountability from everyone around them to make this happen. Not only that, but also from individuals who are seeking a means in which to do everything possible to ensure this matter is resolved in a timely fashion (Silagy Lancaster T, 2007). They will become more open to the idea of having new people in Congress who will advocate for them, and to make it difficult for tobacco companies to exist any longer. Anyone who is a smoker may at first become opposed; however, in the future, they will understand that it was for their own good (Prochaska, et al., 1993).Smoking cessation is not an easy topic for anyone to fix because of how long this has occurred over the years. Government may or may not do anything if someone is not there to push the matter forward by making a new bill out of it for people to learn their lesson from when selling smoking products to consumers (Jorenby, et al., 2008). All of those individuals know that they are harming people’s bodies, and making their life shorter, but it is as if they do not care about anyone except themselves (Peto, Darby, Deo, Silcocks, Whitley, Doll, 2000). Everyone does understand that it feels good to relieve stress through alcohol and drugs; however, this will not solve the problem for anyone who is continuously seeking ways of improvement with their own life. They will have to find other avenues in which to make it easier to handle the stresses of life (Prochaska, Velicer, DiClemente, Fava, 1988). For example, a person can go to the gym and exercise for many hours, instead of smoking for an hour. This will make him or her feel good. Additionally, people will realize that they will have to try harder to get into a different habit and to break the old one (Prochaska, DiClemente, Velicer, Rossi, 1993). Reference List 1. Glassma, A. H., Helzer, J. E., Covey, L. S., Cottler, L. B., Stetner, F., Tipp, J., et al. (1990). Smoking, smoking cessation, and major depression. JAMA, 3. 2. Jorenby, D., Leischow, S., Nides, M., Rennard, S., Johnston, A., Hughes, A., et al. (2008). A Controlled trial fo sustained-release bupropion, a nicotine patch, or both for smoking cessation. Massachsetts Medical Society, 9. 3. Kottke, T., RN, B., GH, D., ML., B. (1988). Attributes of successful smoking cessation interventions in medical practice. A meta-analysis of 39 controlled trials. JAMA, 2883-2889. 4. Peto, R., Darby, S., Deo, H., Silcocks, P., Whitley, E., Doll, R. (2000). Smoking, smoking cessation, and lung cancer in the UK since 1950: combination of national statistics with two case-control studies . BMJ, 321-323. 5. Prochaska, J. O., DiClemente, C. C., Velicer, W. F., Rossi, J. S. (1993). Standardized, individualized, interactive, and personalized self-help programs for smoking cessation. Healtlh Psychology, 399-405. 6. Prochaska, J. O., Velicer, W. F., DiClemente, C. C., Fava, J. (1 988). Measuring processes of change: Applications to the cessation of smoking. . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 520-528. 7. Silagy, C., Lancaster T, S. L. (2007). Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. The Cochrane Collaboration, 1-109.

Anne Bradstreet :: essays research papers

Oh God Help Me   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The poem For Deliverance from a Fever is a beautiful poem by Anne Bradstreet. The use of rhyme and rhythm throughout this poem depicts to me that Anne had an exceptional understanding of poetry and how to write poetry. Anne uses a great array of words to make the poem more appealing to not only the reader but also herself. This finely written poem portrays to me that Anne was a very spiritual women but maybe had doubts about everything going on around her. The course of this paper will iterate what the poem For Deliverance from a Fever by Anne Bradstreet means to me. I believe that Anne Bradstreet’s main purpose in writing this poem was not for the entertainment of readers, but for her to escape the oppression of women in the Puritan times. My reasoning behind this hypothesis being that this whole poem is just a prayer to God to rid her of the sickness, which ailed her. Why would Anne Bradstreet write this poem? I believe that Anne was writing this poetry as a rebellious effort to illustrate that women are just as talented as men, if not more talented. Every other line of this poem is a rhyme, if Anne was just writing her prayer down for her pleasure I believe she would have not put so much time and effort into finding the â€Å"perfect word† to rhyme with the previous line, if she had not meant this poem to be a demonstration that women can and will become un-oppressed one day. I believe one main purpose of this poem to show women that they should be able to express their ideas and feelings. This poem is not only a prayer to God to heal her unhealthy body, but it is thanking God for helping her in the past. In lines twenty-one and twenty-two, Anne writes, â€Å"Thou heard’st, Thy rod Thou didst remove And spared my body frail† (Bradstreet 277), These two lines, among other Anne Bradstreet poems, tells me that Anne was not a selfish women, she knew that she must thank God for what he has done for her in order for him to help her again. Anne was a very considerate person she was always looking out for others, mainly her children and husband. Toward the end this poem Anne Bradstreet is giving glory to God. She is thanking him for not only curing her illness at that time, but also thanking him for helping her with everything else that goes on in her life.

Dr. Heideggers Experiment: Reality Or Illusion Essay -- essays resear

Dr. Heidegger's Experiment: Reality or Illusion In Nathaniel Hawthorne's short story Dr. Heidegger's Experiment, one of the central ideas of the story revolves around the idea of reality versus illusion. Of course the overriding theme of the story dealt with the ethical dilemma of changing old age into youth, still a major part of how the story was interpreted involved a personal decision on how you took the story; as literal or figurative. The perception that appealed to me the most was reading the text as literal, and concluding the experiment as reality rather then a figment of imagination caused by the intoxicating brew. A couple of points that Hawthorne made led me to believe that the story was indeed a true testament of the powers of the magical water. The first is rather evident and straight forward because it happens before a single person even raises glass close to their lips. I am of course referring to the fifty- five year old rose that was given to Dr. Heidegger on the eve of his wedding by his bride to be. Heidegger places the rose in the water so there could be proof of the mysterious water's power, but in the same act of proving its power to his guests Hawthorne proves to us the power of the water because when the rose regains life nobody was drunk or had even attempted to drink the water. "The crushed and dried petals stirred, and assumed a deepening tinge of crimson, as if the flower were r...

Comparison and Contrast

Long Distance Relationship Relationship is built when a man and a woman want to make a commitment between them and hope to make their relationship last forever. Everything will bee done in order to make their relationship keep going until marriage. On the other side, there is a kind of relationship between people who live separately far away but they keep having relationship between them in the name of love, trust, and faith. That kind of relationship we call it long distance relationship. Not all of LDR (Long Distance Relationship) couple can make it through until marriage.They have bigger problems than couple who don't live far away and can meet each other easily. The problems are the distance where they live are far away, they need to spend more money to keep commonicating each other, and the worst is they can cheat each other. They will meet those problems which can cause them to break up. The first problem in LDR is actually the distance. They live far away and they can not meet each other everyday. When those couple live separately far away they will suffer for some things like loneliness, miss each other, and they can not share the same thing and time together.How a man can cheer his woman up when they live far away? This kind of thing will effect to their feeling in relationship. The only way to keep contact each other just by phone or texting message. When they see a couple who always spend time together in weekend the LDR couple will feel sad because how can they have a relationship but it is hard to meet each other. Those kind of thing will cause them to fight and they need to more understand each other about this kind of relationship.Then second problem is they need to spend more money than an usual couple. When the distance come as the problem they need to spend more money to meet their couple who live far away. They have to take transportion for example by plane for those couple who live different country. They need more money to buy tickets, the expensive phone bills, and internet. In order to make them keep contact each other they need to send messages everyday or when they are missing each other they will have a phone night call to hear their couple voice.Meanwhile, for those couple who using internet they can use skype, twitter, or facebook. They use skype in order to see each other face instead of go to their place who live far away. Besides money, it really need to spend more time to communicate each other and it might distract their activities such as work, school, or house things. When their lost of time to communicate each other by phone or internet it will raise the couriousity for them because LDR couple will have more bad feelings and couriousity because they never meet each other.The last thing and even the worst thing is they can cheat each other without think about their couple feeling who live far away. Not all of people can survive from this kind of relationship. They need to meet the person who they love, s pend time together, and share the same thing which the like. Therefore, they want to have an usual relationship who can make them always bee together with their couple. The man or woman who can not get rid of this kind of feeling will cheat behind their couple.

Generic Benchmarking

Generic Benchmarking Free Online Research Papers The Coastal County Clerk of Court’s challenge to integrate technology into their antiquated business function, streamlining processes, and controlling outsourced project cost to make their governing office more productive and efficient. Hence, one of the overwhelming obstacles in this change initiative is in the organizational cultural obstacles with the old leadership team with the court offices. The recent elections awarded a new business leader and strategy to tackle the change initiative with the county clerks office. However, inevitable conflict will establish a need for intervention, mediation, and possible arbitration to deal with the need to introduce the three strategic approaches to resolution. â€Å"Pursuant to the Administration Dispute Resolution Act of 1996 and a recent White House Presidential Memorandum, federal agencies are implementing forms of alternative dispute resolution for discriminative complaints (Binghman, Chesmore, Moon, Napoli, 2000. p.5). A comparative analysis of in-house and outside neutral mediator models was conducted within the United States Postal Service to challenge the EEOC complaint process. Between 1994 to1998, a mediation pilot program was introduced in Florida to focus on the mediation program named REDRESS (Resolve Employment Disputes Reach Equitable Solutions Swiftly). REDRESS’ objective was to examine the immediate benefits of using outsourced neutral third party firms to resolve equal opportunity disputes. The end-result of USPS’ approach has proven very significant. Hence, â€Å"there has been substantial research on the use of outside neutral mediators to resolve grievances arising under a collective bargaining ag reement (Binghman, Chesmore, Moon, Napoli, 2000. p. 9).† The results of this testing module indicate that all participants in the outside model that were subject to outside mediation reported a significantly high-satisfactory score than those tested using inside mediation. â€Å"Process fairness, mediator impartiality, fairness, skill and performance, and satisfaction with the outcome, outcome relevant to expectations, and long term effects of the outcome were all measured with the results presented higher for outside neutral mediator processes (Binghman, Chesmore, Moon, Napoli, 2000. p. 14).† â€Å"The Lighter Amphibian Heavy-Lift (LAMP-H) Project was initiated by the U.S. Army to support ground troops during amphibian assault missions. This machine will function as a craft in moving supplies from large carrier ships to shore. Furthermore, moving over the surface of water and then transitioning to movement over land (Sutterfield, Friday-Stroud Shivers-Blackwell, (2007. p.223).† The need for this new technology will be introduced and received with mixed responses from the project management team, the acquisition strategy team, and the RD centers. During the time of inception two significant leadership changes almost altered the viability of the project. The organizational changes meant that a new Project/Program Manager (PEO) would be responsible for sponsoring the acquisitions of LAMP-H. â€Å"As the new PEO accepted his new role, it became apparent that he neither understood the significance of the program not it’s Acquisition Strategy (Sutterfield, Friday-Stroud Shivers-Blackwell, (2007. p. 228).† The second leadership change was the Product Manager. This promotion came directly from the Department of Defense with a respectable acquisition background. Last, the project manager for the LAMP-H was promoted to Deputy Product Manager (DPM), and has never slowed down his support for the new design. Furthermore, â€Å"the new PEO’s lack of knowledge about the basic acquisition process prevented him from understanding any new innovations to the acquisition process. Additionally, the PEO preferred to abstain from conflict with disagreements that the department managers and workers had with the new PM and the DPM regarding the new approaches taken with respect to the project (Sutterfield, Friday-Stroud Shivers-Blackwell, (2007. p. 228).† Organizational Conflict Management has three main domains that would have contributed to the success of this project, which are Collaboration, Compromise, and Force. Hence, the program destruction was apparent when the PEO continually delayed and neglected the required acquisition strategies that needed his attention, and failed to understand or seek help in understanding the complexity of the RD program. â€Å"More specifically, the attempts by the various types of organizational conflicts that occurred throughout the LAMP-H project led to costly people, plan, and process deviations. Moreover, the attempts by the various stakeholders to increase the expected performance of the LAMP-H without corresponding increased the budget and timelines to account for increased cost and scheduling, led to increased level of risk, and ultimately the demise of the LAMP-H project (Sutterfield, Friday-Stroud Shivers-Blackwell, 2007. p. 230).† â€Å"The traditional method for handling those disputes is the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) administrative complaint process. In this process, an employee files an informal complaint alleging discrimination, and an equal employment opportunity counselor (a USPS employee) engages in informal efforts to resolve the dispute (Binghman, Chesmore, Moon, Napoli, 2000. p. 6).† The inception of a third part neutral mediation program offers an option to alternative dispute resolution by allowing employees the right to choose. The primary conflict of unfair treatment, which is best suited for a third party mediator. Hence, â€Å"the key features of fairness of the process, impartiality and fairness of mediator are significantly higher in the outside model (Binghman, Chesmore, Moon, Napoli, 2000. p. 17).† â€Å"The Acquisition Strategy required that the RD phase of the LAMP-H program be executed within 36 months. This was done in order to conform to the three years of RD appropriation that had been programmed, and the guidelines of the Army Streamlined Acquisition Program (ASAP) (Sutterfield, Friday-Stroud Shivers-Blackwell, (2007. p.230).† However, the newly appointed project/program manager lacked the necessary skills to use effective process-based conflict management skills to implement the three strategies to meet the required specification of the LAMP-H program. Collaboration is always detrimental in these instances where skill diversification leads to compromise and force to meet deadlines for acquisition, processing, and product scheduling. In both synopsis’ and opportunity exist which an alternative conflict resolution approach should had led to a constructive organizational outcome. However, the USPS case proved to focus on process and procedures within the conflict that maintained an objective to improve the quality of work life for their employs. Therefore, the cost effectiveness of a third party mediator proved to be an efficient use of financial funds, time, and labor cost associated with the test module and the end-result processes. Unfortunately, the sudden process and procedural changes for Coastal County Clerk was not well received because the transition altered the organizational culture that was present. Cost effectiveness was a major concern, but at the liberty of losing loyal employees the conflict forced the emotional response because of the perception of unfair treatment. The transfer of organizational power, restructuring of current employee duties, and the use of third party firms to replac e long-time employees led to formal complaints that would be heard by the EEOC. Similar to the USPS case, mediation should be introduced to confront internal concerns and to build the confidence and support of the firm as an alternative resolution approach to the newly appointed County Clerk of Courts. The Department of Defense’s project/program manager and Stan Accord are in the same perdictiment. Training and support from professional mediators should strengthen their skills, and provide them with an ability to establish critical thinking skills. Creative-thinking abilities, communication skills, emotional capabilities, perception abilities, and orientation abilities are skills that are instrumental, and would have prevented the escalating process-based, and collaboration strategy techniques that are imperative in each case study. References Bingham, L., Chesmore, G., Moon, Y., Napoli, L., (2000). Mediating Employment Disputes at the United States Postal Service: A Comparison of In-house and Outside Neutral Mediator Models. Indiana University. Retrieved from:http://rop.sagepub.com at UOP Library Sutterfield, J., Friday-Stroud, S., Shivers-Blackwell, S., (2007). How NOT to Manage A Project: Conflict Management Lessons Learned from a DOD Case Study. Institute Of Behavior and Applied Management. Retrieved from www.pheonix.edu Research Papers on Generic BenchmarkingThe Project Managment Office SystemOpen Architechture a white paperIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductResearch Process Part OneInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NicePETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

Sample Query Letters

Sample Query Letters Sample Query Letters Sample Query Letters By Maeve Maddox Reader Blaine asks Does anyone out there know of a website or a book with a lot of sample query letters? The question comes just as Im studying this guide to marketing a novel: The Sell Your Novel Tool Kit: Everything You Need to Know About Queries, Synopses, Marketing, and Breaking In by Elizabeth Lyon. The book was recommended to me by a colleague for the very reason that it contains numerous sample fiction queries. Chapter Six defines the query and offers step-by-step instructions for writing one: Queries Defined Lead Model Query Letter Body Closing Style Types and Uses Chapter Seven provides 15 examples of actual letters. Several genres are represented, including Literary Historical Christian Adventure Mystery Suspense Fantasy Romance Childrens 9-12 So far Im finding Lyons book extremely helpful as I prepare to market a mystery novel of my own. When Im ready to do something with one of my non-fiction projects, Ill have a look at her other guide: Nonfiction Book Proposals Anybody Can Write. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Farther vs. FurtherBetween vs. In BetweenDozen: Singular or Plural?

Potential Energy Definition and Formula

Potential Energy Definition and Formula Potential energy is that energy which an object has because of its position. It is called potential energy because it has the potential to be converted into other forms of energy, such as kinetic energy. Potential energy is usually denoted by the capital letter U in equations or sometimes by PE. Potential energy may also refer other forms of stored energy, such as energy from net electrical charge, chemical bonds,  or internal stresses. Potential Energy Examples A ball resting on top of a table has potential energy. This is called gravitational potential energy because its energy the object gains from its vertical position. The more massive an object is, the greater its gravitational potential energy. A drawn bow and a compressed spring also have potential energy. This is elastic potential energy, which results from stretching or compressing an object. For elastic materials, increasing the amount of stretch raises the amount of stored energy. Springs have energy when stretched or compressed. Chemical bonds may also have potential energy, as electrons can move closer or further away from atoms. In an electrical system, potential energy is expressed as voltage. Potential Energy Equations If you lift a  mass  m  by  h  meters, its  potential energy  will be  mgh, where  g  is the acceleration due to gravity. PE mgh For a spring, potential energy is calculated based on Hookes Law, where the force is proportional to the length of stretch or compression (x) and the spring constant (k): F kx Which leads to the equation for elastic potential energy: PE 0.5kx2

The Curious Case Of Benjamin Button (Historical) PowerPoint Presentation

The Curious Case Of Benjamin Button (Historical) - PowerPoint Presentation Example People then were impartial to slavery, â€Å"nativism and religious beliefs. â€Å"(Baltimore† n.d.) The birth of Benjamin came at a time when people have no knowledge of medical research and science, and the phenomenon that happened in the story was not understood. Even medical science books did not provide information about the advanced stage of mind and body of Benjamin when he was born. Since people are bound by religious beliefs, a baby born out of the ordinary situation is a clear sensation in such a small community of Antebellum, Baltimore. Population of Baltimore in 1860 was only 212,000 but the city was bustling in economy because of trade brought about by the railways and steamships, and the first translantic cable system. (â€Å"Baltimore†) The family of Benjamin was one of the elites in the society and they had anticipated the birth of their son with much enthusiasm. This is the time too that discrimination is rife because of the existence of the black slavery. Discrimination is shown in the story not by the color of Benjamin’s skin but by his physical appearance that led to his non-acceptance to Yale. Yale and Harvard are the two most prominent schools most wealthy families send their children for schooling, but it could be seen that there are also student discriminations on these two colleges. The period of 1869 to 1896 was the construction boom in Baltimore. Construction of housing became the major factor in Baltimore’s economy. (â€Å"Baltimore†) It is assumed that this is the time where Benjamin took control of the hardware business of the family that gave them immense wealth. By that, it is calculated he is 20 years old with looks of a 50 year old man when he began to help his father in their business. Baltimore, during the time of the story, was torn by a civil war. It was also agog with politics that kept people interested in their three party political system, powerful bosses, orchestrated political violence and the emergence of

Migration Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Migration - Research Paper Example This number includes 214 million international migrants and 740 million internally displaced persons (â€Å"World Migration Report†). Human migration, whether internationally or internally, from one geographical place to another geographical place takes place due to various reasons, which can be categorized into two general factors: pull factor or moving into a place and push factor or leaving a place (â€Å"Why do people migrate?†). The pull factors are causes that enforce a country to bring people from other countries, whereas push factors are causes make people leave their own countries. Some of the pull factors are need for additional labor at relatively lower cost for the industrial and infrastructure development of the country, falling birthrates of developing countries, and rapid economic expansion. Different causes that can be noted among push factors are lack of prospects of career development in native countries, poverty and low income in native countries, pro secution and poor human rights, civil war, and natural disaster (â€Å"Why do people migrate?†). The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview on the global phenomenon of human migration through the perspectives of historical, political, economic, environmental, and cultural events. Spread of religion, search for new lands for human inhabitants may be allocated to the historical reasons causing migration during different periods of human civilization. All three major regions, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam reshaped the globe through human immigration. Since the birth of Islam as a religion in 610, the followers of Islam first spread it throughout the Arabian Peninsula, and then to Egypt and other parts of North Africa. Spread of Catholicism by Portuguese and Spanish played role in human immigration during 11th and 12th centuries. Migration of Jewish people from Eastern to Western Europe and then to the United States of America in the 19th century reshaped the ethnicity of

Identity formation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Identity formation - Essay Example The essayist Casares starts its journey by presenting his father’s views of identity, though; he said, ‘To him, ancestry is what determines your identity’. This shows that since he was a child, his parents started to encode him about his identity, which was related back to his ancestry. Although, author was born in United States yet his father was a Mexican. Additionally, by describing the population of his home town, Brownsville, he sates, ‘almost everyone I know is Mexicano: neighbors, teachers, principals, dropouts, doctors, lawyers, drug dealers, priests’. Therefore, this cultural environment made him to feel himself a Mexican. The thing that made him closer to his Mexican identity was the annual four day celebration of Mexican heritage, under the name of Charro Days (Casares). The experiences described above are the author’s childhood experiences; however, when he grows up and leaves his town his exposure towards his identity formation expands with significant extent. As he starts exploring the world, he seemed to believe that in United States immigrants and minorities have always been exploited by the media, as they know well how to stereotype an ethnic group. While experiencing through the events of his life, author acquired realization that the stereotypic image created in the minds of Americans describes the Mexicans as criminals, involved in dirty and lustful activities. As Casares was called as Mexican-American by natives; nevertheless, after realizing that being a Mexican is dealt as an abuse in America, no matter how honest and innocent one is. Thus, author later appeared believing like his father that he was a proud Mexican (Casares). Moreover, the other essay ‘American Dreamer’ written by Bharati Mukherjee shows the other side of identity formation. The essayist, from the start of the essay appears claiming to be a naturalized American. The actual birth place of the writer is Calcutta, India, where she experienced

Health profile assignment - Tonbridge Area Essay

Health profile assignment - Tonbridge Area - Essay Example Health promotions currently available throughout the United Kingdom and the world that address the health need will be identifies and discussed. Linking back to the health need, this health profile will make recommendations on the potential health promotion strategies that could possibly be implemented, which will discuss how this will be evaluated? The conclusion will briefly summarise the main point of the health profile and reflect on the process of health profiling. District: Tonbridge and Malling Locale, County: Kent, Region: South East England, Nation: England, Country United Kingdom. Tonbridge is a historic market town in Kent County located on the River Medway. It is four miles north of Tunbridge Wells, twelve miles from southwest of Maidstone and twenty miles from London. In 2003, eighty one were reported killed or severely injured in road accidents. The Indices of Deprivation 2004 (ID2004), which are measures of deprivation for every Super Output Area (lower layer) and local authority area in England, indicates that Tonbridge and Malling ranked at 304 out of 354 local authorities in England, where one was the most deprived area and 354 the least deprived. This rank was derived from the average deprivation score of the Lower Layer Super Out Areas in the local authority. Between 1982 and 2002, the population of Tonbridge and Malling grew by 10%, compared with an increase of 11% for the South East region as a whole. The population density of Tonbridge and Malling in 2002 averaged 453 people per square kilometre, compared with an average of 421 for the region and 380 people per square kilometre for England overall. The demographics of the population in Tonbridge reveal that the male population is, proportionally, larger than the female population in the under 65 age group. Normally, the numbers of males and females in this age group to be very similar;

Main Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Main Report - Essay Example The present study also makes SWOT analysis of the topic under study keeping in view cultural factors and global phenomenon within which the industry observes significant boost during the last century. The future trends and dimensions of the industry have also come in the fold of present study. The contemporary world is the world of technological advancement and hi-tech industrialization. The invention of computer sciences, information technology, internet and mobile phones have revolutionised the world at large. The businesses in the contemporary era revolve round technological advancements and industrial expertise. It is therefore, our business plan is also related to the modern technology i.e. mobile phone PDAs. PDA refers to the personal digital assistant, which interlinks telephone, internet, fax and computers with networking characteristics. "A typical PDA can function as a cellular phone, fax sender, Web browser and personal organizer. Unlike portable computers, most PDAs began as pen-based, using a stylus rather than a keyboard for input.† (Quoted in webopedia.com/TERM/P/PDA.html) Before entering into a business, it is an essential matter to have a comprehensive knowledge and information regarding the particular field where one is going to exercise his abilities on the one hand and allocate his energies and concentration on the other. Gates declares knowledge and information a reason, which distinguish an enterprise from its competitors and rivals. â€Å"The most meaningful way to differentiate your company from your competitor, the best way to put distance between you and the crowd, is to do an outstanding job with information. How you gather, manage, and use information will determine whether you win or loose.† (Gates, 1999 p 1). Strategy is an inevitable part of every corporate firm’s management plan on which all its functioning stands. All the organizations either large or small devise methods and apply techniques

Health profile assignment - Tonbridge Area Essay

Health profile assignment - Tonbridge Area - Essay Example Health promotions currently available throughout the United Kingdom and the world that address the health need will be identifies and discussed. Linking back to the health need, this health profile will make recommendations on the potential health promotion strategies that could possibly be implemented, which will discuss how this will be evaluated? The conclusion will briefly summarise the main point of the health profile and reflect on the process of health profiling. District: Tonbridge and Malling Locale, County: Kent, Region: South East England, Nation: England, Country United Kingdom. Tonbridge is a historic market town in Kent County located on the River Medway. It is four miles north of Tunbridge Wells, twelve miles from southwest of Maidstone and twenty miles from London. In 2003, eighty one were reported killed or severely injured in road accidents. The Indices of Deprivation 2004 (ID2004), which are measures of deprivation for every Super Output Area (lower layer) and local authority area in England, indicates that Tonbridge and Malling ranked at 304 out of 354 local authorities in England, where one was the most deprived area and 354 the least deprived. This rank was derived from the average deprivation score of the Lower Layer Super Out Areas in the local authority. Between 1982 and 2002, the population of Tonbridge and Malling grew by 10%, compared with an increase of 11% for the South East region as a whole. The population density of Tonbridge and Malling in 2002 averaged 453 people per square kilometre, compared with an average of 421 for the region and 380 people per square kilometre for England overall. The demographics of the population in Tonbridge reveal that the male population is, proportionally, larger than the female population in the under 65 age group. Normally, the numbers of males and females in this age group to be very similar;

Xploring Empirical Modeling and web-enabled EM tools Essay

Xploring Empirical Modeling and web-enabled EM tools - Essay Example In this paper, the concepts of EM with web-enabled EM tools will be investigated in accordance with a classic game ‘Battleship’. Web EDEN is the first web-enabled version of EDEN introduced in 2007, but there were few potential disadvantages of Web EDEN. However, a newer version of web-enabled EM tools called JsEden, has been developed in 2010. It is based on a JavaScript implementation of EDEN and it eliminated the major disadvantage introduced by Web Eden. This paper will explore JsEden and its advantages. The first web-enabled EM tool is called Web-EDEN, it was introduced in 2007. Web EDEN has several disadvantages. The major disadvantage is load-balancing between client and server. This is because EDEM models run at the clients are sent to the server for interpretation which produces a large network load. Thus the interpretation is slow. However, JsEden has resolved this issue by implementing EDEN with JavaScript, although this is still in prototype stage, but it deals with all the issues of Web-Eden and provides several advantages over Web-EDEN. Given that JsEden is a browser based implementation of EDEN, thus, it addresses the issues of portability and provides capability of cross-platform. JsEden has improved the portability to a greater extent by implementing EDEN using JavaScript. However, portability is addressed by following the principles of EM. In this scenario, the major concepts such as observables, dependency and agency are not machine-specific terms; they are related to experience that comes from interacting with computer during the construction of models. In addition, the traditional implementation of EDEN has relied on invoking procedural actions triggered by observable changes. Additionally, drawing interface in JsEden has to be explicitly programmed and point on the display has to be redrawn to maintain the dependency between internal state and their visual counterpart. Since

Rogers Chocolate Essay Example for Free

Rogers Chocolate Essay Introduction R gers’s Chocolates is Canada’s oldest chocolates company that was formed in 1885 in Victoria, British Columbia by Charles Rogers. The company specialized in producing different varieties of ward winning hand-wrapped, high-quality chocolate brands as well as premium novelty ice cream which it sold through its retail outlets, sales through wholesale delivery, online/phone sales, and through Sam’s Deli restaurant in British Columbia. The goal of the organization is â€Å"to double or triple the size of the company within 10 years† (Zietsma, 2007) Rogers’ target market is both end users and consumers who buy chocolates to indulge themselves or to give as a gift. Rogers’ target buyers are new and existing chocolate buyers that love quality chocolates. Demographics tend to be mainly women ages 25-55 years old with middle to high household income of $50,000 upward. They generally have college education and are professionals, white-collar workers, managers, or owners. The majority will be frequent travelers on cruise ships and Internet users. In order to develop a successful growth plan for the Rogers’ Chocolates, it is very important to get an integrated understanding of the external and internal environment effecting the chocolate industry in whole and Rogers’ Chocolate in particular. An organization’s external environment represents the opportunities and threats while focusing three major areas that include general, industry and competitor environment. The firms understanding of the external environment is matched with its knowledge about the internal environment (resources, capabilities, core competencies, organization, management etc.) in order to develop a strategic growth plan that will bring competitive advantage and above-average returns. External Analysis P. E. S. T Analysis: Political/Legal: * Legal issues regarding child labour in cocoa farms. * African countries are more affected by child labour. * Large manufacturers are seeking a redefinition of the term â€Å"chocolate† under USFDA guidelines so that they can produce cheaper version of the product and still call it chocolate. Economic: * Falling growth rate in the chocolate industry due to economical factors. * Due to seasonal vulnerability of the product, it is hard to manage inventory resulting in higher costs for wasted material. * Higher cleaning and maintenance costs for the equipment for large producers. * Sociocultural: * Increasing trend towards healthier diet, organic food, low-trans fat and no-sugar chocolate. * More demand for dark chocolate due to its heart-healthier anti-oxidant properties. * Consumers and employees stressing on more corporate social responsibility. * Human rights concerns on forced labour in West Africa. * Environmental concerns influencing packaging, procurement and operational decisions. Technology: * Less focus of private and government supported RD expenditures. * Farmers are less efficient in growing cocoa beans because of lack of proper knowledge, education and training. Industry Analysis: Even though there had been a gradual decline in the growth of chocolate industry as a whole, there is still opportunity in the premium chocolate sector of this industry, which is growing at 20% annually. The Canadian market size for chocolates was US$167 million in 2006 and it was projected to grow at 2% annually. The change in demographics with aging baby boomers and their emphasis on brand and quality has given an opportunity to traditional chocolate manufacturers like Hershey’s and Cadburys to shift their focus on the production of premium quality chocolates. Rogers’ Company is faced with many factors that are directly influencing the company, its competitive actions and competitive responses in the overall industry. The Five Forces of Competition Model: Michael Porter’s five forces of competition is an analytical tool that can be for Rogers’ Chocolate to measure the intensity of the industry competition and an industry’s profit potential. Threat of New Entrants: Hershey’s and Cadburys are moving towards the premium chocolate market through the acquisition or upmarket launches (Zietsma, 2007). The profit potential present in this sector supported by its 20% annual growth rate make it very attractive for large organizations to come forward and avail this opportunity. There is a low threat of new entrants prevailing in this chocolate industry because of the high capital requirements and expected retaliation by current manufacturers. Current players in the industry also possess some barriers to entry for new entrants by maintaining economies of scales with their large production capacity and keeping their product differentiation with their specialized and novelty chocolate products. Even though there are low switching costs and easy access to distribution channels, but still the brand loyalty of the customers including the Rogers’ Chocolate itself make it harder for new firms to come into the competition. Bargaining Power of Suppliers: There is a high bargaining power of suppliers because of the need of the key ingredients required for chocolate manufacturing and limited number of suppliers for this industry. Since cocoa trees require tropical climate, it forces the main producers in the west to import them from countries in West Africa or other hot places where suppliers are dominated by few large companies The chocolate and cocoa industry relies on suppliers to deliver high quality products that meet food regulations and consumer taste tests. If the suppliers’ product is not available or does not meet the quality expected, the industry will suffer greatly. This dependency on the suppliers’ product and the absence of substitute products increases the suppliers’ bargaining power. Bargaining Power of Buyers: Even though there are no substitute products for the manufacturing of chocolate, the buyer groups are still powerful because they purchase a large portion of the industry’s total output. Since there are many wholesale buyers of cocoa beans for the manufacturing and selling of the chocolate, it increases the bargaining power of the buyers that forces suppliers to lower their prices or increase their product quality. Another condition that affects the power of buyers is product differentiation. If the product is undifferentiated, the buyer has the power to play competitors against each other and reduce the cost. The chocolate and cocoa industry has a differentiated product, which reduces the power of buyers. The industry has several large players that have brand identification and customer loyalty, which makes it hard for buyers not to use a particular supplier. Threat of Substitute Products: Majority of the chocolate sales occur during the Christmas season and people buy chocolates to give as Christmas gifts or during the Valentine’s Day or Halloween. Other types of gifts during these occasions are considered as substitute products that may include flowers, jewellery, stuffed toys etc. Many people consider chocolate as unhealthy while some people can use other flavours such as lemon, vanilla, peanut butter or mint instead of chocolate that brings a low to moderate threat of substitute products to replace chocolate. Intensity of Rivalry Among Competitors: The presence of a many and equally balanced chocolate producers increases the rivalry among the competitors by permitting vigorous actions and responses by the competitors. With the slow industry growth, chocolate industry for instance, markets become more intense as companies battle to increase their market shares by attracting competitors customers. It results in more price wars, marketing and advertising battles between the competitors. Another factor that intensifies the competition and rivalry among competitors is the high storage and fixed costs that pushes chocolate producers to maximize their production capacity. In order to sell this excess capacity, organizations give purchase rebates and other special discounts to customers that increases the competition. Standardization and differentiation along with low switching costs in chocolate industry also fuels competition. Competitor Analysis: Competition in the chocolate industry in Canada is led by some regional brands along with a few larger producers. Major players in the market include Godiva (Nestle), Bernard Callebaut, Lindt, Purdy and a few local premium chocolate companies like Laura Secord and Rocky Mountain Chocolate Company. There are many factors influencing the competition in this industry that include variations in the price points and quality of different premium chocolate product lines. Each individual company has its own unique technique to boost itself from its competitors. Many companies have their own fancy packaging styles for their products’ delivery that target different customers helping them in getting above average returns. Widespread distribution of products and attractive presentation and displays are some other effective tools that are adapted by many companies in this business offering them good returns on their investment. A company with good and intense marketing and advertising along with widespread geographical location gains more market share compared to the one that is limited to a certain area. Some companies have focused more on their mall outlets while some have taken spots in different tourist attractions. For some companies, retail sales are more promising than wholesale strategy, which shows that selling strategy plays an important part in the success of a company. Even though all forces stated above hastens competition among these chocolate companies, product quality surface to have least impact on extent of competition (Zietsma, 2007). Attractiveness and profitability of chocolate products is determined by how the product is moulded, coloured, and packed (Ellis, M.et al, 2007). Key Success Factor Analysis: Numerous factors that can add up to the successes of Rogers’ Chocolate are as follows: Understanding and Satisfying Consumer Needs Part of the external analysis is to scan, monitor, forecast and assess the timing and importance of environmental changes and trends. In order for Rogers’ Chocolate to get strategic competitiveness, it’s very important that it understands the trends in the chocolate industry that are moving towards premium chocolate with high-quality and high-taste matched with classy packaging, beautiful retail experience and fair pricing. Rogers’ Chocolate already has award-winning reputation with its friendly customer service, pretty theme in its retail outlets with images and aromas. Customers buy premium chocolates for special events or for corporate gifts, so it’s very important that special focus is put on their attractive and unique packaging. Rogers’ Chocolate has it all. Rogers’ Chocolate needs to focus on the sale of its wholesale orders that constitute 30% of the total sales but it has been declining gradually due to inclination of the buyers towards other cheaper brands. It needs to reconsider its pricing strategy, marketing and relations with these customers. Extensive marketing in order improve brand awareness: Regardless of Rogers’ Chocolate being the dominant player in the chocolate industry, it only occupies 7% share in the $167 million market. Premium chocolate is a growing sector with high profit potential and Rogers’ Chocolate has the ability to avail this opportunity if it extends its marketing strategy in order to grow in the near future. Pricing Strategy: Price of chocolate product also affects success of producing firm. Company’s Price of the product determines consumption rate of the product. Whether price is regulated by the organization itself or state-based decision, it affects demand of the product. Demand and price of any product are inversely related. Low market demand implies low net sales, which makes success of the company to be uncertain. Another aspect of price factor is in determination of production cost. Lower prices than other producers of the same type of commodity make production cost expensive. On the other hand, high price reduces market demand of any product. In a case where different companies sell similar product at different prices, companies using extreme prices are at risk of failing Geographical Distribution: It is very important for the success of the company to have a widespread geographical distribution of its products. A company with many locations is more likely to have its customers familiarized with its products and image. Brand loyalty increases when customers know that their preferred brand is located not too far from them. Product Diversification: Product diversification is applied in cases where stiff competition exists in the market. Instead of maintaining production of only one type of chocolate product, modification in shape, color, and different composition ensures further success of a company. Internal Analysis: Strengths: * Well-established and reputable Brand * Experienced Management Team * Rich history and tradition in Canada * Award winning recognition * Revenues * Loyal customers * Devoted Employees and Passionate Employees * Quality products hand wrapped Weaknesses: * Production process – not efficient and no measuring capabilities * Demand forecasting – difficult due to seasonality of sales * Management’s and Employee’s resistance to change. * Management team conflicts * Packaging * Lack of brand image and customer awareness * Cost of setting up and cleaning equipment * Inventory Management – Out of Stock and Over stock – production planning issues * Decrease in Wholesale * Online Sales only 4% Opportunities: * Growth in European and Asian markets * Retail and Online expansion * Increased production capacity * Trends and shifts in consumer confectionary market * Kiosks in airports * Organic trade line Threats: * Economy and demand fluctuations * Competitors * Decreased number of tourists. * Environmental concerns and human rights concerns expressed by some consumers * USFDA guidelines for â€Å"redefining† chocolate Rogers’ Chocolate has 24,000 sq. ft. production facility with 110 non-unionized retail and production employees. 75 employees work in retail while 35 in the production. Hand making and hand packing made the chocolate production very labour intensive while big portion of the costs were that of set-up time and cleaning time for the equipment during the batch processing. There are no means of measuring the productivity and efficiency in the plant. Another issue faced by the Rogers’ Chocolate is its inability to forecast the demand and hence the production of its products due to the seasonality of the sales. This problem is dealt with excess production to deal with the out-of-stocks during the peak seasons. The delays in the import of art tins for assortment from China also throw the schedule off for the next product in production line. Rogers’ Chocolate has a very low turnover rate because of its historic heritage of 120 years and strong family values. Some workers were third-generation Rogers’ employees with strong commitment and passion for the company. However, it created a problem for the company because employees were resistant to any change in the company. Rogers’ Chocolate was also involved in the local community service by employing people with disability and a group of brain-damaged individuals. The organization had a very good and friendly corporate culture where people respected each other on first-name basis. Compensation packages offered to the employees were also very competitive in order to retain the experienced employees. Rogers’ Chocolate has the potential of growth with its present resources. The company has a well-managed and competent workforce, which is the driving force for the entire organization. The board of directors consist of educated and experienced people who have good know-how of the industry. The production facility and other tangible and non tangible assets permit Rogers’ to come forward to lead the industry. It has all the right business tools that are required by an organization in order to succeed. Rogers’ has access to the main markets of the country that include its retail outlets, wholesale sales and online sales. All these resources and its ability in making premium chocolate with high quality and high taste make it a potential threat to its competitors. If utilized properly, these resources and capabilities can allow Rogers’ Chocolate to formulate a strategy to earn above average returns. Recommendations: * Focus on strengthening current retail operations than wholesale. * Roger’s good corporate social practices will also focus on human rights (labour laws), packaging, procurement and operational decisions. * Increase brand awareness to capture more market share. * Focus growing the retail business into new geographic markets. * Continue to grow complementary business lines (i. e. Ice Cream) * Develop core competence in operations management to drive efficiencies and reduce inventories. * Upgrade technology in production to increase capacity * Create new product lines and packaging to broaden the customer base. * Franchise Sams Deli. It has large amount in administration expenses. * Franchise retail chocolate stores. * Offer promotions on special events like Christmas, Father’s Day, Mother’s Day, and Valentine’s Day etc. * Keep existing customers happy with special discounts and customer loyalty programs.

The History of Zara

The History of Zara Zara is the most successful brand of Spanish company Grupo Inditex. Its owner, Amancio Ortega, opened first retail store in 1975 in La Coruna, a small port in Spain. Zara became the worlds largest fashion retailer by 2008 end. By this time it had stores in over 70 countries, out performing its rivals like Gap of USA and Sweden based HM (Hennes Maurits) (http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2008/aug/12/retail.spain). Zaras Innovative Operations: Daniel Piette, director of fashion, LVMH has described Zara as possibly the most devastating and innovating retailer in the world http://tbmdb.blogspot.com/2009/12/business-model-example-zara-devastating.html, owing to the companys innovative and unique approach in fashion retail. Zara follows the concept of a vertically integrated supply chain, in which the company has a tight control over most of the design phase, production phase and distribution system to its chain of retail outlets. The rest of these processes is handled by its sister concerns with nearby locations. Unlike its competitors Zara does not outsource its production to Asian developing countries; the proximity of production units helps Zara by giving flexibility in production so that the company can meet the ever-changing demands of the consumers more efficiently than its competitors. Zara has integrated the system of POS (Point Of Sales) and has formed a unique method that helps in the production of new designs. POS helps in monitoring what designs are bringing in maximum sales at the retail shops. The store managers are allowed freedom to decide which designs to display and which ones to keep back in the store, depending on the sales of those designs. Zaras employees at the retail outlets gather feedbacks from the customers and convey the information to the headquarters with the help of hand-held PDAs that each employee is required to carry. At the headquarters, the design teams immediately respond to feedbacks sent via PDAs and begin designing new clothes accordingly. The clothes are manufactured and distributed to the retail stores within a short period of 2 to 4 weeks owing to the vertical integration of its supply chain. While its rivals are busy finding and identifying what the latest trends might be and finally take 4 to 9 months to distribute new designs to their respective stores, Zara manages to design, manufacture and distribute new designs in a matter of just of 30 days. Taking advantage of the fast turn around time, Zara eschews the concept of producing just one collection per season, like its rivals do. Instead the designs keep on changing frequently so that Zara manages to deliver new designs twice a week to its retail shops. Zara only produces small quantities of each style so that there is continuous demand of popular designs. It cuts down on manufacturing costs as well. Thus Zara manages to deliver around 12000 different styles in a year whereas its competitors can produce only 4000-5000 per year. Hence, the company-coined phrase, fast fashion http://www.3isite.com/articles/ImagesFashion_Zara_Part_I.pdf. Current Technology in Information Communication Zaras use of technology in information technology is unique from its competitors. Firstly Zara uses much less technology, in terms of expenditure and work-force, than its competitors just 0.5% of its work force compared to 2.5% of employees that its rivals utilise. Similarly Zara spends only 0.5% of its revenue on information technology compared to expenditure of 2% by its competitors. Secondly Zara employs a unique combination of human and IT intelligence. Managers at the stores and the market survey done by the employees, form the human intelligence while IT intelligence consists of the PDA devices used to send information collected by the managers and other employees carrying the PDAs. An order form is transmitted to each managers PDA asking for information such as availability of garments and patterns of garment sales. The managers of each retail outlets then divide this order form into sections and these sections are transmitted to the PDAs of each employee to fill up, based o n customers feedback and the kind of designs sold. Employees then transmit back their respective sections to the managers PDA, after entering the customers requirements. The managers of each store are given total authority to determine and identify which sections are to be retained in the order form. The edited order form is then sent back to headquarters where the designing teams start working on the basis of the order forms. This unique hybrid of humans technology helps in managing the inventories efficiently and quick and efficient link between demand and supply, thus successfully helping in their own doctrine of fast fashion. Summing up Zaras use of technology http://leoborjblog.wordpress.com/2009/08/10/zara-it-for-fast-fashion/: Gather customer requirements PDAs Logistics and transmission of order form POS terminals and modems. Quickly designing new style CAD (Computer Aided Design) Advantages of such an Innovative System Vertical integration of supply chain and short turn around time lead to High turnover of product. Quick and efficient distribution helps to eliminate warehouse requirement, saving on additional storage costs. Searching the market for latest fashion trends and responding quickly to the consumer requirements with the help of hand-held PDAs. Complete autonomy and flexibility to the employees and managers who are in direct contact with the customers. POS terminals run on DOS operating system, which is cheap and easy to maintain and operate. Perceived limitations of this System http://www.slideshare.net/koffman/zara-case-study-2780928 Zara and its sister concerns have been using DOS as their main operating system in all the processes. It is an outdated operating system. As the POS vendor supplies DOS OS to zara only, it can always stop its supply, while continue to supply other operating systems to its other customers. Store managers are the decision makers. Zara headquarter relies solely on the experience and intuition of the managers. Instead of looking after customers, managers and employees have the time-consuming task of manually entering the garment details in small PDAs. This could result in the employees failing to assist some customers in choosing and might miss out on few garment sales. Inventory is maintained manually as well. Information transmitted is one way only. Managers have no knowledge of the inventories at headquarters and the stores distribution centre. Consequently managers cannot promise a customer if a particular garment that has been sold out, can be replenished and in how many days. Promises made to customers not kept can damage Zaras reputation, so the managers need to know about the garments inventories at headquarters and the distribution centres. There is a great demand for Zaras garments even though new designs are available twice a week. Zara may consider increase in production to meet these ever growing demands. Gathering of information therefore may need to be upgraded in terms of frequency. Its competitors can change to a better OS or software package and increase their turn around time, neutralizing Zaras edge of fast fashion over them. New IT Technology for Sustainability http://www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=97642 Benefits: New technology may not help Zara in increasing the competitive edge over its competitors but will help in sustaining that edge. A new operating system will help in installing software packages that will help in efficient access of inventory at the stores as well as headquarters and distribution centers. Upgrading to new OS will remove the companys dependency on its current supplier of DOS. Using more than one IT supplier will increase Zaras bargaining power. A Network can be set up between HQ, production centers and retail stores. POS system can be automated so that each sale will automatically update the POS devices. If the POS system of all stores can be interlinked all the store managers can easily know the inventory online and can make and keep their promises to customers demanding a particular garment. POS automation will help reduce overall workload of the employees and managers, as they will not have to manually enter every detail required in the order form. There will not be any need of hand held PDAs. Dedicated POS software will ensure that orders will now be made on the basis of theoretical inventories and will be more accurate. Orders can now placed continually increasing the frequency from twice a week to daily. Ideal software to be used for integration would be ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning). Linking all the process in the supply chain, from HQ, design centers to retail stores, will not only help the managers in accessing inventories but will also help HQ to regulate the supplies more accurately according to the orders placed. Production will become even leaner than before. ECQ (Economic Order Quantity) can help in determining quantities of different garments that buyer can order so that there is sufficient stock for the customers. This will reduce inventory cost as well. Knowing reorder levels will streamline managing of the inventory and help in maintaining the autonomy of the managers. Managers can determine from the reorder levels whether a particular garment needs to be ordered before it will go out of stock and can transmit the same to the production centers that are now linked to the retail outlets. Of course manual checks will still be needed occasionally to check a stores real time inventory is same as the theoretical inventory in case of exceptions like garments getting stolen or gone missing. Designers at HQ will now not depend entirely on the managers discretion and can observe themselves sales of new designs due to two-way system integration by ERP. Just in case a store does run out of stock on a particular garment, the manager can easily check the inventories of local nearby stores for availability and suggest the customer to go there. Inter-store connectivity will have added advantage of shipping garments to another store that has more demand of a particular garment. This will further increase the speed-to-market. Besides HQ even managers of different stores will benefit if they know through network what is selling at other stores and what is not. Cost Analysis: Zara will have to upgrade to better OS that will support ERP like Linux, Unix or Windows NT. Implementation cost of Linux is lowest of the three OS. But recurring costs like service-contract is much higher (McAfee et al). Annual cost of using Unix is the lowest and if functionality remains more or less same, Unix will be best suited. If other costs like plans for systems failure are not taken into consideration then implementation cost will relatively much lower than prospective ROI (Return On Investment). Risk Analysis: Changing software and operating system in all retail shops world over is not an easy task. Due to location of Zaras retail outlets all over the world, there will be many extra tangible costs. Cost of replacing current POS system with the new one. Cost of installation of new cables in each store and maybe new infrastructure to support the cables. Cost of external IT support, hiring professional consultants. Cost of internal IT management and technical training of personnel. Time taken to train the personnel till outside assistance is not required cannot be determined as level of training and learning will be different at different locations around the world. Risk Reduction: Both current and new systems should operate together till the personnel of each store can run the new system smoothly; this will not interrupt any service provided to customers. Zara has a huge pilot outlet that is around 1,500 square meters. Zara can use this as training facility from its personnel from all over the world. Zara can use it to test the new system as well. Zara can hire experienced software professionals and open an in-house department for software management and development. Zara can outsource the management and development to experienced software companies. However Zara will have to trade-off between highly efficient and expensive companies. Zara should develop a contingency plan and an exit plan as well in case the company cannot continue with the up gradation for some reason. Robust data backup is required in case the new system crashes due to mishandling by inexperienced staff.

The Holocaust :: World History

During the Holocaust an estimated six million Jews were killed. Hitler’s hatred towards the Jews was deliberated from Karl Lueger. Karl was a young mayor of Vienna and he blamed the Jews for Australia’s economic problems. There were a number of events that led to the Holocaust: World War I, Civil War, poor economy, failed coup, and the voters giving power to the Nazis. World War I was settled by the Treaty of Versailles which said that Germany was responsible for War repairs and also the treaty included an embarrassing guilt clause. World War I led into the Civil War because Germany was humiliated. After the Civil War the German economy was poor and a few years after it stated to pick back up the economy fell again. In 1923 Hitler attempted what is called the failed coup he and some of his confederates went into a beer hall and attempted to force the triumvirate, three men that governed Bavaria, to join him in a national revolution and the men disagreed. Three da ys later Hitler was arrested and after a short trial for treason, he was sentenced to five years in prison. During his time in prison he put his plan for the social change on paper. In 1932 an election was held and after a run-off Hindenburg won and Hitler lost. The Nazis held more than one third of the seats in the parliament which was an effective majority. Hitler was named chancellor and Von poppen was named vice chancellor. Once Hitler was in a position of power he used the Nazi majority to call a national state of emergency. Hitler turned Germany into a one party police state and all non Nazis were forced out of office and individual freedoms were taken away. The government was allowed to tap phones, read mail, and search homes without a warrant. Everyone that opposed this was banned and their leaders jailed. Hitler had brown shirts which were young jobless men walking the streets beating and killing opposers of the Nazi party. The attacks put fear caused many governments to remain silent even though they did not support the Nazi party because they were scared of the SA. In the summer of 1933 Hitler became dictator of Germany and his racist plan would soon be put into action. The Holocaust :: World History During the Holocaust an estimated six million Jews were killed. Hitler’s hatred towards the Jews was deliberated from Karl Lueger. Karl was a young mayor of Vienna and he blamed the Jews for Australia’s economic problems. There were a number of events that led to the Holocaust: World War I, Civil War, poor economy, failed coup, and the voters giving power to the Nazis. World War I was settled by the Treaty of Versailles which said that Germany was responsible for War repairs and also the treaty included an embarrassing guilt clause. World War I led into the Civil War because Germany was humiliated. After the Civil War the German economy was poor and a few years after it stated to pick back up the economy fell again. In 1923 Hitler attempted what is called the failed coup he and some of his confederates went into a beer hall and attempted to force the triumvirate, three men that governed Bavaria, to join him in a national revolution and the men disagreed. Three da ys later Hitler was arrested and after a short trial for treason, he was sentenced to five years in prison. During his time in prison he put his plan for the social change on paper. In 1932 an election was held and after a run-off Hindenburg won and Hitler lost. The Nazis held more than one third of the seats in the parliament which was an effective majority. Hitler was named chancellor and Von poppen was named vice chancellor. Once Hitler was in a position of power he used the Nazi majority to call a national state of emergency. Hitler turned Germany into a one party police state and all non Nazis were forced out of office and individual freedoms were taken away. The government was allowed to tap phones, read mail, and search homes without a warrant. Everyone that opposed this was banned and their leaders jailed. Hitler had brown shirts which were young jobless men walking the streets beating and killing opposers of the Nazi party. The attacks put fear caused many governments to remain silent even though they did not support the Nazi party because they were scared of the SA. In the summer of 1933 Hitler became dictator of Germany and his racist plan would soon be put into action.

The Confusion Over Cyberpunk Essay -- Science Fiction Technology Essay

The Confusion Over Cyberpunk What the media associates with cyberpunk does not agree with the commonly accepted interpretation of the movement. The cyberpunk writers' philosophies of a bleak future, caused by the marriage of technical and human abilities, have been lost due to the acceptance of the underground movement. Whenever anyone looks at the newborn information age, one can not help but attach a "cyber" label to it. When anyone mentions the Internet or the World Wide Web, the only word that comes to mind is "cyberspace." Even though our networks are not synonymous with the "cyberspace" created by William Gibson in Neuromancer, the term is now being used to describe any virtual computer environment. It seems that the current acceptance of computers has started a revolution in which man is becoming dependent upon machines. Where can you go without having access to a television or telephone? The widespread use of microprocessors and the data stored on them have created a new medium for artists to demonstrate their abilities. One problem this computer revolution creates is that it is often confused with cyberpunk fiction. On February 8, 1993, Time magazine published an article defining and clarifying questions of the cyberpunk movement. The conventionalization of cyberpunk (CP for short) has succeeded in removing the ideals and philosophies once associated with it. Rudy Rucker states that CP is "simply the fusion of humans and machines (Elmer-Dewitt 59)." However, CP is about much more than that: it is about the struggle between man and its creation, the probing of the human soul, and the rebellion against tradition. CP started as a group of writers eager to oppose conventional beliefs and writing styles. The movement ... ...ment alone opposes the fact that the CP movement is countercultural and always stands away from the mainstream. The newly formed definition is rapidly replacing the true CP movement. Eventually, all interactive technologies ranging from video games to digital satellite systems will be considered CP. The group of writers creating SF in the 1980's has created a new movement based on their works, bearing the same name. Works Cited Cadigan, Pat. "Rock On." ." Mirrorshades : The Cyberpunk Anthology. Ed. Bruce Sterling. New York: Ace Books, 1986. 34-42. Elmer-Dewitt, Philip. "Cyberpunk." Time. 8 Feb. 1993: 58 - 65. Maddox, Tom. "Snake-Eyes." Mirrorshades : The Cyberpunk Anthology. Ed. Bruce Sterling. New York: Ace Books, 1986. 12-33. Sterling, Bruce. "Cyberpunk in the Nineties." Writing About Cyberpunk. Ed. Tonya Browning. Austin: Abel's Copies, 1995. 3-6. The Confusion Over Cyberpunk Essay -- Science Fiction Technology Essay The Confusion Over Cyberpunk What the media associates with cyberpunk does not agree with the commonly accepted interpretation of the movement. The cyberpunk writers' philosophies of a bleak future, caused by the marriage of technical and human abilities, have been lost due to the acceptance of the underground movement. Whenever anyone looks at the newborn information age, one can not help but attach a "cyber" label to it. When anyone mentions the Internet or the World Wide Web, the only word that comes to mind is "cyberspace." Even though our networks are not synonymous with the "cyberspace" created by William Gibson in Neuromancer, the term is now being used to describe any virtual computer environment. It seems that the current acceptance of computers has started a revolution in which man is becoming dependent upon machines. Where can you go without having access to a television or telephone? The widespread use of microprocessors and the data stored on them have created a new medium for artists to demonstrate their abilities. One problem this computer revolution creates is that it is often confused with cyberpunk fiction. On February 8, 1993, Time magazine published an article defining and clarifying questions of the cyberpunk movement. The conventionalization of cyberpunk (CP for short) has succeeded in removing the ideals and philosophies once associated with it. Rudy Rucker states that CP is "simply the fusion of humans and machines (Elmer-Dewitt 59)." However, CP is about much more than that: it is about the struggle between man and its creation, the probing of the human soul, and the rebellion against tradition. CP started as a group of writers eager to oppose conventional beliefs and writing styles. The movement ... ...ment alone opposes the fact that the CP movement is countercultural and always stands away from the mainstream. The newly formed definition is rapidly replacing the true CP movement. Eventually, all interactive technologies ranging from video games to digital satellite systems will be considered CP. The group of writers creating SF in the 1980's has created a new movement based on their works, bearing the same name. Works Cited Cadigan, Pat. "Rock On." ." Mirrorshades : The Cyberpunk Anthology. Ed. Bruce Sterling. New York: Ace Books, 1986. 34-42. Elmer-Dewitt, Philip. "Cyberpunk." Time. 8 Feb. 1993: 58 - 65. Maddox, Tom. "Snake-Eyes." Mirrorshades : The Cyberpunk Anthology. Ed. Bruce Sterling. New York: Ace Books, 1986. 12-33. Sterling, Bruce. "Cyberpunk in the Nineties." Writing About Cyberpunk. Ed. Tonya Browning. Austin: Abel's Copies, 1995. 3-6.

Restoration Period

The restoration is an interesting time in history. People from all over the world, especially Europe, were moving to American. It was during this time that the colonies rebelled and we soon became our own nation. When the period started England had just ended a 20 year civil war. The plague had killed many and England was finally settling down. When the restoration was starting, most authors still modeled everything they did on the classics: Greek, Roman, etc. People were starting to gain an understanding of the world and be less superstitious.With all of the new reasons for things being given by science, religion had to change too. This was also when the smaller minorities of society became more ignored and repressed. But when the puritans fell out of power things started to happen. Theaters re-opened, satire appeared, and so did journalism. The Restoration period was marked by an advance in colonization and overseas trade, by the Dutch Wars, by the great plague (1665) and the great fire of London (1666), by the birth of the Whig and Tory parties, and by the Popish Plot and other manifestations of anti-Catholicism.In literature perhaps the most outstanding result of the Restoration was the reopening of the theaters, which had been closed since 1642, and a consequent great revival of the drama (see English literature). The drama of the period was marked by brilliance of wit and by licentiousness, which may have been a reflection of the freeness of court manners. The last and greatest works of John Milton fall within the period but are not typical of it; the same is true of John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress (1678).The age is vividly brought to life in the diaries of Samuel Pepys and John Evelyn, and in poetry the Restoration is distinguished by the work of John Dryden and a number of other poets. Restoration literature, English literature written after the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660 following the period of the Commonwealth. Some literary historians speak of the period as bounded by the reign of Charles II (1660–85), while others prefer to include within its scope the writings produced during the reign of James II (1685–88), and even literature of the 1690s is often spoken of as â€Å"Restoration. By that time, however, the reign of William III and Mary II (1689–1702) had begun, and the ethos of courtly and urban fashion was as a result sober, Protestant, and even pious, in contrast to the sexually and intellectually libertine spirit of court life under Charles II. Many typical literary forms of the modern world—including the novel, biography, history, travel writing, and journalism—gained confidence during the Restoration period, when new scientific discoveries and philosophical concepts as well as new social and economic conditions came into play.There was a great outpouring of pamphlet literature, too, much of it politico-religious, while John Bunyan’s great allegory, Pilgrim’s Pr ogress, also belongs to this period. Much of the best poetry, notably that of John Dryden (the great literary figure of his time, in both poetry and prose), the earl of Rochester, Samuel Butler, and John Oldham, was satirical and led directly to the later achievements of Alexander Pope, Jonathan Swift, and John Gay in the Augustan Age. The Restoration period was, above all, a great age of drama.Heroic plays, influenced by principles of French Neoclassicism, enjoyed a vogue, but the age is chiefly remembered for its glittering, critical comedies of manners by such playwrights as George Etherege, William Wycherley, Sir John Vanbrugh, and William Congreve. (For further discussion of this period, see English literature: The Restoration. ) King Charles I was executed in the January of 1649. He was the supreme King of Britain, with suzerainty over England, Scotland and Ireland. However, he earned a lot of disrespect from the Parliament for his preposterous theory known as Divine Rights of Kings.The Parliament feared he was turning into an absolutist monarch and would eventually sideline the democracy that was so carefully established in Britain. In his final years, he was engaged in Civil Wars. The First English Civil War (1642) was against the Parliament and the Puritans of England. He was defeated in this War in 1645, but he continued his ideologies. In 1948, there was a Second Civil War, and he was defeated again in 1649. This time, he was captured, tried, convicted and finally executed for treason. The Parliament took over, formed a republic that came to be known as the Commonwealth of England.Monarchy, apparently, came to an end. Restoration of Monarchy by Charles II But, what seemed to be an end for monarchy actually turned out to be only a pause. 11 years later, in 1660, Charles I's son, Charles II assumed monarchy once again. The resurgence of monarchy was brought about by a series of historically significant incidents. One of the main leaders of the republi can government formed after Charles I was Oliver Cromwell, who was by title the Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland. He was also the commander of the armies that fought against Charles I in the English Civil Wars.Old Ironsides, as he was referred to, valiantly brought England, Scotland and Ireland under a unanimous republican rule after the execution of Charles I, and he was in fact one of the main persons responsible for his execution. Oliver Cromwell died in 1658 of a host of ailments. Historians attribute his death to malaria and urinary infections, but there could have been several other reasons. Cromwell was succeeded by his son Richard as the Lord Protectorate. However, Richard was not popular with the Army. The Army was prompt in removing him.Several other transfers of power later, Charles II issued what is known as the Declaration of Breda on April 4, 1660. This declaration was to lay down the fact that he was interested in accepting the Crown of England. Taking into consideration the various failed seizes of power in England, the Parliament accepted the terms. On 8 May, 1649, the Parliament accepted that Charles II had been the lawful monarch of England after the death of Charles I. Charles II returned from The Hague, where he was exiling, and assumed monarchy of England. This is what is known as the English Restoration.

Environmental sustainability of Nestlé Essay

Introduction The environmental and sustainability report has become more and more important information to reflect the corporate social responsibility of the company. The companies, in particular the big multinational companies listed in the public, have paid much attention to disclose the relevant information recently (Environmental Leader, 2008). Nestlà © is one of the famous food manufacturing company, and this present paper is to study the relevant environmental and sustainability of Nestlà © accordingly. Environmental sustainability of Nestlà © Based on the sustainability report of Nestlà ©, the relevant environmental sustainability performance information of Nestlà © has been clearly laid out, including government and systems, life cycle approach, the impact of water, climate change, air emissions, transports and distribution, packaging optimization, waste and recovery and biodiversity (Veritas, 2012). In light of the information provided by Nestlà ©, the value of Nestlà © in relation to the environmental sustainability is to enhance its environmental performance and efficient operations, decrease the negative impacts on the natural resource, and constantly employ the cost saving approaches in terms of raw materials, water, etc. Meanwhile, the goal of Nestlà © is to supply the delicious food and beverages, as well as obtain the better environmental performance, with a view to enhance the efficiency of business operation and environmental impact accordingly (Veritas, 2012). In Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s report of environmental sustainability, it has introduced various actions that Nestlà © carried out this year in order to achieve the environmental sustainability goals. The actions taken by Nestlà © include investing CHF 143 million in environmental improvements, performing the relevant project to enhance the environmental impact by reducing water use, non-renewable energy consumption, GHG emissions, avoiding waste and enhancing the utilities of the products, such as the packaging. In addition, Nestlà © also has worked with the suppliers to improve the performance of its supply chain (Veritas, 2012). Nestlà © has provided the quantity information of its performance environmental sustainability since year 2001, including reducing 17% GHG emissions, reduced by 58% and 42% per tonne of product in terms of water withdrawals and energy consumption respectively. Meanwhile, the renewable energy consumption has reduced to 12% of total energy consumption, and the wa ter discharges has reduced by 64% per tonne of product. The efforts that Nestlà © put into the environmental sustainability may increase the cost of its business, but on the other hand, those efforts can also generate more production volume. For instance, the total on-site energy consumption slightly increased by 0.5%, while the total production volume increased by 73.3% over the same period since year 2001. Furthermore, Nestlà © has obtained various awards and recognitions of its performance in environmental sustainability, such as 2011 Stockholm Industry Water Award, 27th World Environment Center Gold Medal award for its commitment to environmental sustainability (Veritas, 2012). Based on the information provided by Nestlà ©, it has demonstrated that Nestlà © has paid much attention to the environmental issue and Nestlà © has the high social responsibility of the environment impact. Meanwhile, there are various elements that heavily influenced the operations of Nestlà ©, and Nestlà © needs to face the relevant challenges of those impacts, including the access of the clean water, constant innovation for the tasty and nutritious food and beverages for the growth population, reducing GHG from its operation, etc. (Veritas, 2012). In the end, the efforts and resources that Nestlà © engaged has not only obtained the long terms positive impact of its corporate profits, but also established the favorable corporate image of its brand and obtained the highly reward for the public (Kolk, 2004). Conclusion To sum up, Nestlà © has established a systemic approach in environmental sustainability and has disclosed the comprehensive environmental sustainability reports to the public. Nestlà © is not the company that only simply chases the growth of its financial revenues, but it also focuses on the environmental impact caused by its business. The release of the relevant information that the company engaged in sustainability activities can make the shareholders and the public know much about the value of company, and generate the positive influences in the long term.

How useful is the concept of ideology for media analysis Discuss in Essay

How useful is the concept of ideology for media analysis Discuss in relation to soap operas - Essay Example As the strength of the British army grew weak in confronting an imposing German hostility, the military administration had to resort to Conscription as a means of restoring its strength. But a glimpse at the history of media in the backdrop of public administration and consumerism will show that the positive application of ideological propaganda is an exception than the rule. Almost every known media type is susceptible to ideological undercurrents, whether as a result of design or accident. The Television as a medium of communication and entertainment allows sophisticated application of ideological persuasion. It has to be remembered that television is a product of the twentieth century. The centuries prior to its invention were not devoid of prevalent ideologies or their imposition on the masses. However, the imposition of the desired set of beliefs and habits were achieved through brute force. These centuries saw colonialism at its peak; and where imperialism exists violence follows. But the twentieth century is different in that empires were giving way to independent republics, especially after the Second World War. Soap Operas, which form the bulk of cultural programming, are truly representative of the rest of the electronic media. A careful study of soap operas helps us understand media in general and media’s role as vehicles of ideological propaganda in particular (History Today, 10). The soap operas serve as vehicles of ideology in two different ways. The more obvious way is through advertisements and sponsorship. Advertisements are essentially messages to the target audience as to what is good for them, what is it they should aspire for, what it that will gain them respect, etc., is. Of course, the process is not based on force but manipulation and exploitation. In a study conducted by Cynthia Frisby for the Journal of Advertising Research, the relationship

Humes Dialogues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Humes Dialogues - Essay Example I agree with Philo to the extent that he suggests that God has infinite attributes which cannot be compared with those of man, but I disagree with his assertion that we can infer nothing about the nature of the designer of nature. In my view, I think that experience plays a significant role in informing us that God has infinite attributes similar to the intelligence and mind of human beings. While is true that God has infinite attributes, there is no reason to suppose that such attributes are similar in nature to the mind and intelligence of human beings. Even though their dissimilarities in various designs of human creatures and animals, that does not mean that they are completely obscure. The dissimilarity between the designs of two human beings does not mean that those human beings are different; they are both human beings with human intelligence and the human mind. In the same way, the dissimilarity in terms of divine nature between the design of God and human beings does not mea n they are different; they both have a similar mind and intelligence. Therefore, I agree with Cleanthes that God exists and that he resembles human mind and intelligence. A theist would respond to the challenge of Philo by suggesting that God created human beings to be similar to him; so God resembles human beings. While I agree with theists in existence of a divine God who resembles a human being, I would object their story of creation which suggests that God created human beings to become similar to him.

Concerted practice is the most nebulous of the three categories caught Essay

Concerted practice is the most nebulous of the three categories caught by Article 101 TFEU - Essay Example 2 With regard to paragraph three and exceptions to the prohibitions in paragraph one of Article 101, those relate to what the law determines as contributing to society either through economic development, technical development, and improvements in the way goods are produced or distributed 3 Under the law, moreover, the European Commission has the power to impose the law, to investigate infringements relating to the violation of the prohibitions in Article 101, and to impose penalties and sanctions. 4 To this end, the Commission may compel suspected parties to share information. 5 There is some consensus that it is difficult to pin down the existence of concerted practice, as reflected in case law. 6 For instance, in cases where increases in prices occur in tandem among a group of players, the price increases themselves may not be sufficient to prove concerted practice. In some cases, for instance, as in Case c-47/09 involving the Netherlands T-Mobile business entity, just one meeting among parties was deemed sufficient to establish concerted practice. In 40/73 involving Sulike Unie, the ruling was that concerted practice may be direct or it may be indirect too, and that no written or verbal communication is necessary to establish concerted practice. In the first instance of consideration of concerted practice in case law, or Case 48/69 involving firms operating in a market that is oligopolistic in nature, the Court of Justice ruled that the presence of parallel price increases amounted to the existence of concerted practice, even if the parties to the case m ade a formal challenge to that ruling. This case involved Imperial Chemical Industries, in the industry involved in dyes. In this instance the Court of Justice established a definition of concerted practice as thus: â€Å"†¦a form of coordination between undertakings which, without having reached the stage where an agreement properly so-called

Literary Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Literary Analysis - Essay Example (American Literature,2008). Sherwood Anderson, the American writer with a number of characters emerging in the story tries to describe the narrow mindedness and indifferent approach in people’s thinking and the resistance that the society offers to one who desires change and development. The storyline is a journey of a young man, George Willard, taking a train to Westbound from Winesburg. The journey is a symbolic representation of the urge to change and the process of striving across the limiting factors. An indication of inspiration and hope reveals while reading in between the lines of the first few sentences of the story. A commentary on the book by Sparknotes (2008) has reiterated this factor of inspiration as it is stated that George Willard in his journey is taking the readers also along with him. The buds sprouting after the fall represents the scope and the fortune waiting the young generation. A representation of the young generation has been made as George Willard, the main character of the story is said to wake up early in the morning. The carpet that the maple leaves pave under the foot symbolizes the future and fortune ahead, if the road towards a change is taken. The concern on the future has been portrayed as the boy had been thinking and wondering on what he would find at the end of the journey. Further, George Willard passes across a boy who was snoring in the coat laid in the hotel office. Here the main character is overtaking a representative of the lazy young generation in the journey towards change. A ray of hope and prosperity is brought in to the scene by the long streaks of light climbing into the sky. However the goodness of the past is still twinkling, as a star of the previous night is still found in the sky. When the boy walks into the lonely street it becomes obvious that in his journey of change he is alone, which in other ways is a representation of a revolutionary thought for development and the